Reminding language prompts students to independently recall the specific things they need to do to meet academic and behavioral expectations. For example: “What are some things you can do so that all group members’ ideas are considered fairly?”
Redirecting language directs students back to productive learning when their behavior has gone off task, while helping the rest of the class stay focused on their learning. For example: “Hands down until the speaker has finished.”
Reinforcing language names exactly what students are doing well so they can build on their successes and develop a sense of themselves as competent learners, which helps students move to higher levels of competence. For example: “You added concrete evidence to your essay and that makes for a stronger argument.”
These definitions and examples are from The Power of Our Words for Middle School. You can find our elementary school version here. You can also find our latest articles on reminding, redirecting, and reinforcing language below.
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Classroom Management & DisciplineSpecial Times in the Year
Suddenly, it seems like the class is falling apart. Classroom routines that were going smoothly just a few weeks ago now seem rough around the edges. More and more children are forgetting to follow classroom rules. The noise level is higher, and academic productivity seems lower. What's going on?
I once taught a second grader who sometimes subtly refused to go along with what we were doing. For instance, if we had to leave the classroom and John didn't want to go, he'd get in line—but then walk as slowly as possible. The more his classmates and I urged him to walk faster, the slower he would go. At each deliberate step, I could feel my blood pressure rise. But in that moment, I could do little. I couldn't physically make John walk faster; nor was he ready to rationally discuss his feelings or options. Rarely did a student's behavior get to me, but John's resistance always did.
Teacher language—the words, tone, and pace we use when we talk to students—may be the most powerful of all our teaching tools. After all, language permeates nearly every interaction we have with students; we use words to exchange friendly greetings, give instructions, deliver content, and check understanding.